Antiretroviral Therapy
Long-Term Musculoskeletal Effects of HIV Medications and the Role of Metabolic Optimization
Advances in HIV treatment have transformed the condition from a fatal disease into a chronic, manageable illness. However, the long-term use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) can lead to adverse effects on musculoskeletal health. These include loss of lean body mass, increased visceral adiposity, reduced bone mineral density, and sarcopenia. At the Performance Medicine Institute, we use an evidence-informed strategy that includes testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) and metabolic optimization to preserve muscle, reduce fat, and support immune function.